Idioms and phrases

Idioms and Phrases

wKQy K_vt- Bs‡iwR fvlvi †h †Kvb cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cix¶vq cÖvqB Idiom and Phrase-Gi Dci wKQy cÖkœ †`Iqv n‡q _v‡K| A‡b‡KB mwVK DËi w`‡Z cv‡ib bv; wKsev wKfv‡e idiom and phrase e¨envi K‡i sentence-wU mwVK Kiv hvq Zv ey‡S DV‡Z cv‡ib bv| Z‡e idiom and phrase-Gi cÖKvi‡f` I A_© †R‡b Zv mwVK parts of speech I tense wn‡m‡e e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡jB sentence-wU mwVK n‡q _v‡K|

Phrase-Gi msÁv I cÖKvi‡f`

Phrase-Gi msÁvt- Sentence-Gi Aš—©fy³ †h kãmgwói subject I finite verb _v‡K bv wKš‘ Zv parts of speech wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i, †m kãmgwó‡KB phrase e‡j| †h‡nZz phrase-Gi subject I finite verb _v‡K bv, †m‡nZz ïay phrase e¨envi K‡i mvavibZ †Kvb sentence evbv‡bv hvq bv; sentence evbv‡Z clause e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| Z‡e clause-Gi g‡a¨ GK ev GKvwaK phrase _vK‡Z cv‡i| D‡jL¨ †h, clause †i‡L phrase ev` w`‡j sentence-Gi †Kvb Amyweav nq bv| †hgb-

i) The boy was punished because of his absence. (wet `ªt cÖwZwU D`vni‡Yi AvÛvijvBÛ AskwUB Phrase)

ii) The man going to the shopping centre is my cousin.

iii) The poor ought not to be looked down upon by us.

iv) Bread and butter is my favourite breakfast.

v) Kona as well as Moli is very beautiful.

Phrase-Gi cÖKvi‡f`t- MVb-Abymv‡i phrase me©‡gvU bq cÖKv‡ii n‡jI A_©-Abymv‡i Zv mvavibZ noun phrase, adjective phrase, verbal phrase, adverbial phrase, prepositional phrase, conjunctional phrase Ges interjectional phrase-Gi g‡a¨B mxgve× _v‡K| GKB MV‡bi phrase A_©-Abymv‡i bvbvb phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e verbal phrase e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î number (singular-plural), voice (active-passive) Ges tense (past-present-future) †Lqvj ivLv AZ¨š— cÖ‡qvRb, Zv bvn‡j sentence-wU fyj n‡q hv‡e| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, ïay verbal phrase-Gi †¶‡ÎB phrase-wUi MVbMZ cwieZ©b nq; Ab¨ ‡Kvb phrase-Gi †¶‡Î MVbMZ †Kvb cwieZ©b QvovB phrase-wU mivmwi sentence-G e¨eüZ nq| Z‡e possessive case (one's, somebody's) mg„× phrase-Gi †¶‡Î possessive case-wUi cwieZ©b N‡U| wb‡P bq cÖKvi phrase-Gi wel` Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv t-

1. Noun Phrase: G phrase-wU †Kvb sentence-Gi subject, object, complement wKsev preposition-Gi object wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q noun-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i| ‡hgb-

i) Joy and sorrow come by turns. (GLv‡b “Joy and sorrow” = subject = noun phrase)

ii) Nobody likes a slow coach. (GLv‡b “a slow coach” = object = noun phrase)

iii) To tell a lie is a great sin. (GLv‡b “To tell a lie” = infinitive phrase = subject = noun phrase)

iv) Reading different books is my habit. (GLv‡b “Reading different books” = subject = noun phrase)

v) The righteous are bold. (GLv‡b “The righteous” = the + adjective = subject = noun phrase)

vi) She is fond of taking sweets. (GLv‡b “taking sweets” = preposition-Gi object = noun phrase)

vii) Mr. Javed is a man of letters. (GLv‡b “a man of letters” = complement = noun phrase)

viii) He needs to go there. (GLv‡b “to go there” = infinitive phrase = object = noun phrase)

ix) Gold and silver have I none. (GLv‡b “Gold and silver” = object = noun phrase)

2. Adjective Phrase: G phrase-wU †Kvb sentence-Gi noun, pronoun wKsev noun phrase-‡K qualify (we‡kwlZ Kiv) K‡i A_©vr noun, pronoun wKsev noun phrase-Gi †`vl, ¸Y, cwigvb, gvÎv BZ¨vw` cÖKvk K‡i adjective-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i _v‡K| ‡hgb-

i) A man in great difficulties came to me for help. (GLv‡b “in great difficulties” = prepositional phrase =qualifier of a noun (man) = adjective phrase)

ii) Nasim is good for nothing. (GLv‡b "good for nothing” = qualifier of a noun (Nasim) = adj phrase)

iii) This is the path to go home. (GLv‡b “to go home” = infinitive phrase = qualifier of a noun (path) = adjective phrase)

iv) The girl going to the party is his cousin. (GLv‡b “going to the party” = present participle phrase = qualifier of a noun (girl) = adjective phrase)

v) The secret letter signed by the Managing Director was sent to him. (GLv‡b “signed by the Managing Director” = past participle phrase = qualifier of a noun phrase (The secret letter) = adjective phrase)

vi) Mrs. Shahed, the Principal of this college, is attending the party tonight. (GLv‡b “the Principal of this college” = appositive = qualifier of a noun (Mrs. Shahed) = adjective phrase)

3. Verbal Phrase: G phrase-wU †Kvb sentence-Gi verb wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q verb-Gi KvR K‡i _v‡K| G verbal phrase-wU e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î me‡P‡q †ewk mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z nq| Kvib, sentence-wUi subject hw` 3rd person singular number-Gi nq Zvn‡j sentence-wUi main verb-Gi mv‡_ s/es †hvM Ki‡Z nq (present indefinite tense-Gi †¶‡Î) wKsev †m Abymv‡i be verb (is/was) A_ev have verb (has/had) e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| GQvov sentence-wU passive voice-Gi n‡j, ‡m‡¶‡Î h_vh_ be verb Ges gyj verb-Gi past participle form e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| Avevi possessive case (one's, somebody's) mg„× verbal phrase-Gi †¶‡Î possessive case-wUiI cwieZ©b N‡U| ZvQvov, sentence-wU‡Z e¨eüZ adverb/adverbial phrase (of time) †`‡L tense wbY©q K‡i †mB tense Abymv‡i verbal phrase-wU e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| ‡hgb

i) Every student of this college abides by the rules and regulations. (GLv‡b “Every student of this college” GB subject-wU 3rd person singular number-Gi nIqvq sentence-wUi verbal phrase (abide by)-Gi mv‡_ s/es †hvM K‡i abides by †jLv n‡q‡Q)

ii) He bids fair to shine in life. (GLv‡b “He” GB subject-wU 3rd person singular number-Gi nIqvq sentence-wUi verbal phrase (bid fair)-Gi mv‡_ s/es †hvM K‡i bids fair †jLv n‡q‡Q)

iii) Sajib has already made up his mind to retire from business. (GLv‡b “Sajib” GB subject-wU 3rd person singular number-Gi nIqvq Ges adverb wn‡m‡e already _vKvq sentence-wUi verbal phrase (make up one's mind)- Gi cwieZ©b NwU‡q present perfect tense Abymv‡i has made up his mind †jLv n‡q‡Q| D‡jL¨ †h, verbal phrase-wUi one's-Gi cwie‡Z© subject (Sajib) Abymv‡i his †jLv n‡q‡Q)

iv) I have tried my best to help him. (GLv‡b sentence-wUi verbal phrase (try one's best)-Gi cwieZ©b NwU‡q present perfect tense Abymv‡i have tried my best †jLv n‡q‡Q| D‡jL¨ †h, verbal phrase-wUi one's-Gi cwie‡Z© subject (I) Abymv‡i my †jLv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e sentence-wU‡K Ab¨vb¨ tense w`‡qI Kiv hvq)

v) The girl went through the novel last night. (GLv‡b adverbial phrase (of time) wn‡m‡e last night _vKvq sentence-wUi verb phrase (go through)-Gi cwieZ©b NwU‡q past simple tense Abymv‡i went through †jLv n‡q‡Q)

vi)The police left no stone unturned to trace the culprits before submitting the report. (GLv‡b adverbial phrase (of time) wn‡m‡e before submitting the report _vKvq sentence-wUi verbal phrase (leave no stone unturned)-Gi cwieZ©b NwU‡q past indefinite tense Abymv‡i left no stone unturned †jLv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e sentence-wU‡K future indefinite tense w`‡qI Kiv †hZ| †hgb- The police will leave no stone unturned to trace the culprits before submitting the report.)

vii) The poor ought not to be looked down upon by the rich. (GLv‡b sentence-wU passive voice-Gi nIqvq sentence-wUi verbal phrase (look down upon)-Gi cwieZ©b NwU‡q passive voice Abymv‡i be looked down upon †jLv n‡q‡Q)

viii) All his hopes were nipped in the bud at the sudden death of his father. (GLv‡b sentence-wU passive voice-Gi nIqvq sentence-wUi verbal phrase (nip in the bud)-Gi cwieZ©b NwU‡q passive voice Abymv‡i were nipped in the bud †jLv n‡q‡Q)

ix) Everybody should be conscious of taking care of his health. (GLv‡b sentence-wUi verb n‡‛Q should be. Avgiv Rvwb, take care of GB phrase-wU verbal phrase nIqv m‡Ë¡I preposition (of)-Gi wVK c‡iB e¨eüZ nIqvq Zv gerund form wn‡m‡e taking care of n‡q‡Q)

x) She unnecessarily looked outside with a view to turning a deaf ear to my advice. (GLv‡b sentence wUi verb n‡‛Q looked. Avgiv Rvwb, turn a deaf ear to GB phrase-wU verbal phrase nIqv m‡Ë¡I prepositional phrase (with a view to)-Gi wVK c‡iB e¨eüZ nIqvq Zv gerund form wn‡m‡e turning a deaf ear to n‡q‡Q)

4. Adverbial Phrase: G phrase-wU †Kvb sentence-Gi verb, adjective, adverb, sentence-Gi Askwe‡kl wKsev mgMÖ sentence-wU‡K modify (we‡kwlZ Kiv) K‡i A_©vr G‡`i m¤ú©‡K AwZwi³ Z_¨ Ávcb K‡i adverb-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i _v‡K| ‡hgb

i) Jahir ran with great speed. (GLv‡b “with great speed” GwU MVbMZfv‡e prepositional phrase n‡jI “ran” verbwU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e‡m‡Q)

ii) Nasima answered the question in a very rude manner. (GLv‡b “in a very rude manner” GwU MVbMZfv‡e prepositional phrase n‡jI “answered” verb-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e‡m‡Q)

iii) You can purchase this book in all places. (GLv‡b “in all places” GwU MVbMZfv‡e prepositional phrase n‡jI “You can purchase this book” GB sentence-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e‡m‡Q)

iv) Such type of disease was not known in those days. (GLv‡b “in those days” GwU MVbMZfv‡e prepositional phrase n‡jI „was not known‟ verb-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e‡m‡Q)

v) The student tried hard and soul to get A+. (GLv‡b “hard and soul” GB phrase-wU “tried” verb-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e‡m‡Q; Avevi “to get A+” GB phrase-wU “The student tried hard and soul” GB sentence-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e‡m‡Q)

5. Prepositional Phrase: G phrase-wU †Kvb sentence-Gi noun, pronoun wKsev noun phrase-Gi c~‡e© e‡m prepositional phrase-Gi c~‡e©i I c‡ii AskwUi mv‡_ GKwU m¤úK© •Zwi K‡i preposition-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i _v‡K| Prepositional phrase-¸‡jv n‡‛Q on account of, because of, due to, owing to, along with, by means of, by dint of, for the sake of, in case of, with a view to, instead of, inspite of, in lieu of, in front of, in the eye of BZ¨vw`| D‡jL¨ †h, prepositional phrase-G Aek¨B GK ev GKvwaK preposition _v‡K| ‡hgb

i) Jannat was absent on account of her illness. (GLv‡b “on account of” GB phrase-wU noun phrase (her illness)-Gi c~‡e© e‡m preposition-Gi g‡Zv KvR Kivq Zv prepositional phrase n‡q‡Q)

ii) Nadia succeeded by virtue of her merit. (GLv‡b “by virtue of” GB phrase-wU noun phrase (her merit) Gi c~‡e© e‡m preposition-Gi g‡Zv KvR Kivq Zv prepositional phrase n‡q‡Q)

iii) There stood a man in front of the coaching centre. (GLv‡b “in front of” GB phrase-wU noun phrase (the coaching centre)-Gi c~‡e© e‡m preposition-Gi g‡Zv KvR Kivq Zv prepositional phrase n‡q‡Q)

iv) Zahin along with his friends and relatives was going to the party. (GLv‡b “along with” GB phrase-wU noun phrase (his friends and relatives)-Gi c~‡e© e‡m preposition-Gi g‡Zv KvR Kivq Zv prepositional phrase n‡q‡Q)

v) I have done everything for the sake of you. (GLv‡b “for the sake of” GB phrase-wU pronoun (you)-Gi c~‡e© e‡m preposition-Gi g‡Zv KvR Kivq Zv prepositional phrase n‡q‡Q)

6. Conjunctional Phrase: G phrase-wU †Kvb sentence-Gi `ywU noun, pronoun, phrase wKsev clause-‡K hy³ K‡i conjunction-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i _v‡K| Conjunctional phrase-¸‡jv n‡‛Q as well as, as much as, as soon as, as early as, as though, as if, as long as, so long, in case, so that, in order that, so.......that, both.......and, either......or, neither.......nor, not only........but also, no sooner......than, hardly......when, scarcely........when BZ¨vw`| ‡hgb

i) Jinnia worked as long as she could. (GLv‡b “as long as” GB phrase-wU “Jinnia worked” Ges “she could” GB `ywU clause-†K hy³ K‡i conjunction-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

ii) Nindita is not only a good student but also an adroit cricketer. (GLv‡b “not only....but also” GB phrase-wU “a good student” Ges “an adroit cricketer” GB `ywU noun phrase-†K hy³ K‡i conjunction-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

iii) In case you fail, I will try it myself. (GLv‡b “In case” GB phrase-wU “you fail” Ges “I will try it myself” GB `ywU clause-†K hy³ K‡i conjunction-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

iv) Jiku as well as Jhontu is very meritorious. (GLv‡b “as well as” GB phrase-wU “Jiku” Ges “Jhontu” GB `ywU noun-†K hy³ K‡i conjunction-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

v) He talks as if he were mad. (GLv‡b “as if” GB phrase-wU “He talks” Ges “he were mad” GB `ywU clause †K hy³ K‡i conjunction-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

vi) No sooner had we got to the station than the train left. (GLv‡b “No sooner......than” GB phrase-wU “had we got to the station” Ges “the train left” GB `ywU clause-†K hy³ K‡i conjunction-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

vii) As soon as the teacher entered the class, all students stood up. (GLv‡b “as soon as” GB phrase-wU “the teacher entered the class” Ges “all students stood up” GB `ywU clause-†K hy³ K‡i conjunction-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

7. Interjectional Phrase: G phrase-wU †Kvb sentence-G e¨eüZ n‡q Avgv‡`i Av‡eM-Abyf~wZ cÖKv‡ki gva¨‡g interjection-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i _v‡K| Interjectional phrase-¸‡jv n‡‛Q Oh my God!, What a pity!, O my love!, Oh dear me!, good morning!, good evening!, How excellent! By jove!, Good gracious!, Good heavens!, For Heaven‟s sake BZ¨vw`| GB phrase-wU mvavibZ exclamatory sentence •Zwi‡Z e¨eüZ nq| ‡hgb

i) Good morning! how do you do? (GLv‡b “Good morning” GB phrase-wU fvev‡eM cÖKvk K‡i interjection Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

ii) Oh my God! It is a large snake. (GLv‡b “Oh my God!” GB phrase-wU fvev‡eM cÖKvk K‡i interjection-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

iii) O my love! This palace is for you. (GLv‡b “O my love” GB phrase-wU fvev‡eM cÖKvk K‡i interjection-Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i‡Q)

8. Infinitive Phrase: G phrase-wU “to+verb-Gi base form+cÖvmw½K kã” w`‡q MwVZ nq| G phrase-wU mvavibZ noun phrase, adjective phrase Ges adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq| GB phrase-wUi ïi‚‡Z to bv _vK‡j Zv‡K bare infinitive phrase e‡j hv‡K passive Ki‡Z to e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| ‡hgb

i) To tell a lie is a great sin. (GLv‡b “to tell a lie” GB infinitive phrase-wU D³ sentence-wUi subject wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nIqvq Zv noun phrase-Gi KvR Ki‡Q)

ii) The intention to tell a lie should be given up. (GLv‡b “to tell a lie” GB infinitive phrase-wU subject (The intention)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase-Gi KvR Ki‡Q)

iii) The man showed lame excuse to tell a lie. (GLv‡b “to tell a lie” GB infinitive phrase-wU mgMÖ sentence (The man showed lame excuse)-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase-Gi KvR Ki‡Q)

iv) His father told him to help the poor. (GLv‡b “to help the poor” GB infinitive phrase-wU D³ sentence wUi object wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nIqvq Zv noun phrase-Gi KvR Ki‡Q)

v) It was an effective program to help the poor. (GLv‡b “to help the poor” GB infinitive phrase-wU complement (an effective program)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase-Gi KvR Ki‡Q)

vi) Some benevolent political leaders went there to help the poor. (GLv‡b “to help the poor” GB infinitive phrase-wU mgMÖ sentence (Some benevolent political leaders went there)-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase-Gi KvR Ki‡Q)

vii) She made him do the work. (GLv‡b “do the work” GB bare infinitive phrase-wU mgMÖ sentence (She made me)-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase-Gi KvR Ki‡Q)

9. Participle Phrase: Participle phrase wZb cÖKvi| h_vt- a) present participle phrase, b) past participle phrase Ges c) perfect participle phrase. cÖ‡Z¨K cÖKvi participle phrase-B adjective wKsev adverb-Gi KvR K‡i|

‡hgb

a) Present participle phrase: G phrase-wU “verb+ing+cÖvmw½K kã” w`‡q MwVZ nq| ‡Kvb KvR Pjgvb eySv‡j wKsev ¯^vfvweKfv‡e nq eySv‡j present participle phrase e¨eüZ nq| GB phrase-wU continuous tense-Gi weKí wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq| ‡hgb

i) I saw the man going to market. (GLv‡b “going to market” GB present participle phrase-wU sentence-Gi object (the man)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

ii) The woman sleeping on the floor is suffering from a cronic disease. (GLv‡b “sleeping on the floor” GB present participle phrase-wU sentence-Gi subject (The woman)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

iii) Our age passing with time never comes back. (GLv‡b “passing with time” GB present participle phrase-wU sentence-Gi subject (Our age)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

b) Past participle phrase: G phrase-wU “verb-Gi past participle form+(by/in/...)+cÖvmw½K kã” w`‡q MwVZ nq| c~‡e© msNwUZ nIqv ‡Kvb KvR eySv‡Z past participle phrase e¨eüZ nq| GB phrase-wU passive voice-Gi weKí wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq| ‡hgb

i) I have purchased a mobile made in China. (GLv‡b “made in China” GB past participle phrase-wU sentence- Gi object (a mobile)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

ii) The letter signed by the Director has been sent. (GLv‡b “signed by the Director” GB past participle phrase-wU sentence-Gi subject (The letter)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

iii) The device made of plastic does not last long. (GLv‡b “made of plastic” GB past participle phrase-wU sentence-Gi subject (The device)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

c) Perfect participle phrase: G phrase-wU “having+(been)+verb-Gi past participle form+cÖvmw½K kã” w`‡q MwVZ nq| c~‡e© msNwUZ nIqv `ywU Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ †h KvRwU cÖg n‡q‡Q †mwU‡K eySv‡Z perfect participle phrase e¨eüZ nq| GB phrase-wU past perfect tense-Gi weKí wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq| D‡jL¨ †h, passive voice-Gi A_© eySv‡Z having-Gi c‡i been emv‡Z nq| ‡hgb

i) Having defeated the enemies, the Captain sent them to prison. (GLv‡b “Having defeated the enemies” GB perfect participle phrase-wU mgMÖ sentence (the Captain sent them to prison)-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

ii) Having solved the problem first, Mr. Victor submitted the report. (GLv‡b “Having solved the problem first” GB perfect participle phrase-wU mgMÖ sentence (Mr. Victor submitted the report)-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

iii) The player having been knocked out went back to his own country. (GLv‡b “having been knocked out” GB perfect participle phrase-wU mgMÖ sentence (The player went back to his own country)-wU‡K modify Kivq Zv adverbial phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

iv) Having rested, the people continued their journey and others did not. (GLv‡b “Having rested” GB perfect participle phrase-wU sentence-Gi subject (the people)-‡K qualify Kivq Zv adjective phrase wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q)

Verbal Phrases:

Beggar description - eY©bvZxZ = The suffering of the poor beggars description.

Bring to light - cÖKvk Kiv = The fact at last was brought to light.

Bring to book - kvw¯Í †`qv = The boy should be brought to book for his misconduct.

Call up / Call to mind - ¯§iY Kiv = The teacher could not call up / call to mind the boy’s name.

Catch red-handed - nv‡Z bv‡Z aiv = The thief was caught red-handed.

Come to light - cÖKvwkZ nIqv = The top secret at last came to light.

Commit to memory - gyL¯Í Kiv = He committed the poem to memory.

Curry favour - ‡Zvlv‡gv` K‡i wcÖq nIqv = He knows better how to curry favour with his boss.

Cut a sorry figure - Lvivc dj Kiv = Tanti cut a sorry figure in the last examination.

Cut a good/brilliant figure - fv‡jv dj Kiv = Trisha cut a good figure in the examination.

Fall flat - djcÖm~ bv nIqv = The teacher‟s advice fell falt on the student.

Fight shy of - Gwo‡q Pjv = She always fights shy of her teachers.

Get by heart – gyL¯’ Kiv = Everyday he gets a poem by heart.

Get rid of - gyw³ cvIqv = The man tried to get rid of his friend’s company.

Get away with - cjvqb Kiv = Never get away with your bosoms.

Give vent to - cÖKvk Kiv = She has already given vent to her ideas.

Go to the dogs - ‡Mvjvq hvIqv = A student goes to the dogs when he mixes with bad boys.

Hold good - cÖhy³ nIqv = The new rule will not hold good here.

Keep pace with - Zvj wgwj‡q Pjv = She being very aged cannot keep pace with the modern world.

Keep an eye - `„wó ivLv = You should keep an eye to his movement.

Keep word – cÖwZkÖ“wZ i¶v Kiv = He believes in keeping word.

Know no bounds - mxgvbv bv _vKv = The kindness of Hazi Mohammad Mohsin knew no bounds.

Knock at the door – mwbœK‡U Avmv = His examination is knocking at the door.

Lead a dog and cat life - KjniZ Rxeb-hvcb Kiv = Many neighbours lead a dog and cat life.

Learn by heart – gyL¯’ Kiv = The poem has already been learnt by heart.

Make both ends meet - Dfq Kzj i¶v Kiv = He cannot make both ends meet with his small income.

Move heaven and earth - h_vmva¨ †Póv Kiv = She will move heaven and earth to manage him a job.

Nip in the bud - A¼z‡i webó Kiv = His hope to be a judge was nipped in the bud at his father‟s death.

Pull well with - m™¢ve ivLv = Everybody should pull well with his neighbours.

Put down - ‡jLv = Everything important in the class ought to be put down carefully for better learning.

Put off - Ly‡j †djv/ev` †`qv = Pias always puts off his shoes when he enters his reading room.

Put on - cwiavb Kiv = Sheela never puts on this type of loose dress.

Put out - wbfv‡bv = Please put out the lamp now.

Run short - dzwi‡q hvIqv = The fund at last ran short.

Rule out - ev` †`qv = The committee has not ruled out of its old idea.

Set free - gy³ Kiv = According to the Captain‟s consent, the prisoners were set free yesterday.

Skim through - fvmv fvmv cov = Most often many novels are skimmed through.

Steer clear of - Gwo‡q Pjv = Nisha always steers clear of naughty friends.

Take to one’s heels - Qy‡U cvjv‡bv = Seeing the police, the snatchers have taken to their heels.

Take one to task - wZi®‹vi Kiv = The teacher took the boy to task for his negligence of duty.

Turn over a new leaf - bZz‡bi m~Pbv Kiv = The student has turned over a new leaf after his failure.

Some important phrase and idioms

Phrases/ Idioms	menaing	Sentence
All on sudden	nVvr	All on sudden it began to rain.
Take off	Ly‡j †djv	Take off your shose when you enter a school.
Part and parcel	Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask	A library is part and parcel of a school.
Well up	`¶	A man is well up in English
End in smoke	wbùj nIqv	All his attempts end in smoke
In a body	GK‡Î	At the students came to the headmaster in a body.
Pick a quarrel	Mv‡q c‡q SMov Kiv	Don’t pick a quarrel with others
Crying need	¸i“Zi cÖ‡qvRb	English learning is a crying need for everybody
In the guies of	QÙ‡e‡k	He came in the guies of a beggar.
Came round	my&¯’ nIqv	He fell ill but came round soon.
Out and out	cyi“`¯—i	He is out and out a gentel man.
Likely to	Lye m¤¢e	He is likely to fall in danger.
Good at	`¶	He is good at Mathematics.
On the verge	gy‡L	He is on the verge of ruin.
Goes through	fv‡jvfv‡e cov	He never goes through his textbook.
as though	‡hb	He speaks as though he were mad.
By dint of	e‡j	He sttod first by dint of hard labour.
As if	‡hb	He talks as if he were mad.
Cut short	AKvj g„Zz¨ NUv	Her life was cut short by an accident.
On the wane	wbb¥gyLx	His popularrity is on the wane.
Hue and cry	‡kvi‡Mvj	I rushed to the spot hearning a hue and cry.
All the same	GKB e¨vcv‡i	It is all the same to me wheather you agree to my proposal or not
In liew of	cwie‡Z©	Liza took Biology in liew of Elective math.
For nothing	AKvi‡Y	Meena quarrelled with me for nothing.
Conducive to	¯^v¯’¨cÖ`	Morning walk is conducive to health.
Died by	‡Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y giv	My father died by accident yesterday.
Takes after	Abyiƒc nIqv	Pipa takes after her mother.
In store for	fv‡M¨ wK Av‡Q	Only Allah knows what is in store for me.
Part and parcel	Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask	Physical exercise is the part and parcel of education.
Call in	‡W‡K Avbv	Please call in doctor.
Play truant	¯‹zj cvjv‡bv	Some students play truant and do badly in their exam.
To the backbone	eLv‡U	The boy is wicked to the backbone.
All in all	m‡e©‡mev©	The headmaster is all in all of the school.
Begger description	Aeb©bxq	The miserise of the flood affected people are begger description.
at length	wel`fv‡e	The secretary of the forum discussed the problems at length.
Hard and fast	aivevav	There is no hard and fast rule in this case.
Came to term	wggvsmvq †cŠQv‡bv	They came to term after lonf discussion.
Carry on	Pvwj‡h hvIqv	They carry on their business even after incuring loss.
Dead letter	APj	This custom is how dead letter.
Holds good	Dchy³ nIqv	This example holds good in your case.
In vouge	cÖPjb	This fashion is no more in vogue.
In a body	GK‡Î	We supported him in a body.
Eat humble pie	‡LmviZ †`Iqv	You have to eat humble pie for your misconduct.
Go ahead	GwM‡q hvIqv	You should have determination to go ahead with our walk.
By the by	cÖm½µ‡g	By the by I shall narrate the story in brief.
Apart from	GQvov	Apart from books and pens a students needs many other things.
By the way	fv‡jv K_v	By the way did you attend the English class yesterday?
Summer friends	mymg‡qi eÜy	Summer friends do not come during evil days.
As soon as	‡hBgvÎ	As soon as she heard the noise she looked out of the window.
Put out	wbwf‡q †djv	Put out the lamp.
Put on	cwiavb Kiv	Put on your fine clothes.
Ten to one	‡ewkifvM m¤¢vebv	Ten to one he will be late.
Of course	Aek¨B	Of course I will help you.
Slow coach	Ajm e¨w³	A slow coach like Jumur cannot do it within this time.
Bids fair	m¤¢vebv Av‡Q Ggb	A good boy bids fair to success.
At large	¯^vaxbfv‡e	Birds fly at large in the sky.
Find fault with	‡`vl †LvRv	Do not find fault with others.
Put off	‡d‡j ivLv	Don’t put off you work for tmorrow.
Ups and downs	DÌvb cZb	Everybody has ups and downs in life.
Maiden speech	cÖ_g e³…Zv	Everybody was charmed at his maiden speech.
Gets up	Nyg †_‡K DVv	He gets up at 6 am everyday.
Ran the risk of	SzwKi g‡a¨ _vKv	He ran the risk of losing his job.
By means of	Dcv‡q	He became rich by means of hard work.
On foot	cv‡q †nu‡U	He came on foot.
On the sly	‡Mvc‡b	He cats a glance at the girl on the sly.
Well to do	¯^”Qj	He comes of a well to do family.
On the instant	Zvr¶wbKfv‡e	He did it on the instant.
At first sight	cÖ_g †`Lvq	He fell in love with the girl at first sight.
Art and part	AskMÖnb	He has no art ans part in my scheme of founding a hospital.
A narraw escape	A‡íi Rb¨ i¶v cvIqv	He has a narraw escape from being run over by a car.
On one else	Ab¨ †KD bq	He is on one else than rashed.
Engaged in	wbhy³	He is engaged in the working of teaching.
Over and above	ci`¯—i	He is honest over and above.
By all means	me© kw³ w`‡q	He tried to help me by all means.
In view of	we‡ePbvq	He was pardoned in view of his age.
With a view to	D‡Ïk¨	He went to the hospital with a view to seeing his ailing friends.
Before long	kxNÖ	He will arrive before long.
In on time	kxNÖ	He will come back in on time.
At all costs	‡h †Kvb g~‡j¨	He will do this at all costs.
Took upon	we‡kl `„wó‡Z †`Lv	I took upon you as my elder sister.
Caught sigh of	‡`L‡Z cvIqv	I caught sigh of him at the theatre.
At a loss	nZeyw×	I am at a loss to decide what to do.
Because of	Kvi‡Y	I could not attend school because of illness.
Hard cash	bM` A‡_©	I don’t have enough hard case I can give you a cheque.
From time to time	mg‡q mg‡q	I get up at six in the morning from time to time.
A lot of	ch©vß	I haven’t got a lot of time.
By on means	‡Kv‡bv cÖKv‡iB bq	I shall by on means allow you to do this.
Leave off	_vgv	I want you to leave off whistling like that.
All along	AvMv‡Mvov	I was with my mother all along.
In plenty	cÖPzi cwigv‡b	Mangoes grow in plenty in Rajshahi.
Looks upon	g‡b Kiv	My aunt looks upon me as her own son.
Stone’s throw.	Aí `~i‡Z¡	My school is at a stone’s throw from my residence.
First water	m‡ev©Ëg	Nowsin is a painter of the first water.
All the rest	evKx me	Only hasan and kamal will flollow I all the rest will stay at ome.
In full swing	c~‡bv©`¨‡g	Our classes are going on in full swing.
Tell upon	¶wZ Kiv	Overwork will tell upon your health.
Bone of contention	welv‡`i welq	Paternal prperty is the bone of contention between the two brothers.
Cut short	msw¶ß Kiv	Please cut short of your lecture.
Take away	wb‡q hvIqv	Please take away those dirty dishes.
Golden age	‡mvbvjx hyM	Queen Elizabeth’s period is called the golden age of English literature.
Above all	m‡e©vcwi	Rabindranath Tagore was a philosopher, educationalish and above all a great poet.
Kith and kin	AvZœxq ¯^Rb	Hasan has no kith and kin in the city.
Caught sight of	‡`L‡Z cvIqv	Runa caught sight of Hazrat in a coaching center.
Got into	mgm¨vq Rwo‡q cov	Samad got into trouble with the police.
By fits and starts	AwbqwgZfv‡e	She studies by fits and starts.
Yeoman’s service	gnr Kg©	Sher-E-Bangla did yeoman’s service for education.
Gift of the gab	evwMœ	Sher-E-Bangla was a gift of the gab.
At home	`¶	He is at home English.
Rag day	wk¶v mgvcbx w`em	Students enjoy the rag day every year.
For good	wPiZ‡i	Taslima Nasrinn left the country for good.
At sixes and servents	G‡jvv‡g‡jv	The books were at sixes and sevens on the table.
Came across	nVvr mv¶vZ cvIqv	The boy came across a beggar while coming to school.
On account of	Kvi‡Y	The boy could not attend school on account of illness.
All day long	mvivw`b	The childern were wating for their mother all day long.
Worthy of	‡hvM¨	The courage of the man is worthy of praise.
Red letter day	¯§ibxq w`b	The independence Day is a red letter day.
Know no bounds	mxgv bv _vKv	The joys of his father know no bounds at his success.
Blue blood	AwfRvZ	The man is proud of his blue blood.
Comes into force	Kvh©Kix nIqv	The ordinance comes into force.
Live on	‡L‡q evuPv	The people of Bangladesh live on rice.
Fell flat	e¨_© nIqv	The plan fell flat for want of money.
Got in	‡cŠQv‡bv	The plane got in five minutes late.
Absorbed in	wbgMœ _vKv	The prophet remained absorbed in meditation in the cave of Hera.
Came to terms	wggvskvq †cuŠQv‡bv	The quarrelling brothers came to terms at last.
Bag and baggage	ZwíZív	The students left the hostel bag and baggage.
Horns of a dilemma	Dfq msKU	The sudden death of this mother has left him on the horns of a dilemma.
At daggers drawn	gvigyLx	The two brothers were at daggers drawn.
Cut off	wew”Qbœ nIqv	The village is cut off from the town.
Bad blood	kÎ“Zv	There is bad blood between the two neighbours.
In front of	m¤§y‡L	There is garden in fornt of my house.
Hue and cry	‡kvo‡Mvj	They rasied a hue and cry at the sight of the tiger.
In quest of	‡Lvu‡R	They went out in quest of food.
Keep pace with	Zvj wgwj‡q Pjv	Try to keep pace with the changing world.
Step by step	av‡cav‡c	Try to advance step to step.
Went acrose	AwZµg Kiv	We went acrose the river Barnar by boat.
Going away	‡Kv_vq P‡j hvIqv	We are going away for a few days.
At length	wel`fv‡e	We discussed the problems at length.
Once and for all	P~ovš—fv‡e	We need to settle this dispute once and for all.
In quest of	A‡š^l‡b	We should go far and wide in quest of knowledge.
To the end	‡kl ch©š—	We fill fight to the end.
In case of	hw` Ggb N‡U	What will you do in case of failure?
To and fro	Gw`K †mw`K	Why is she running to and fro?
Pros and cons	LywUbvwU me	Your must know the pros and cons of the matter.
Cut out	Z¨vM Kiv	You should cut out smoking.
Looks for	‡LvR Kiv	I am looking for you.
At a loss	nZeyw×	I am at a loss what to do.
Break down	‡f‡½ cov	He broke down when he heard the news.
Come round	Av‡ivM¨ jvf Kiv	The patient will come round soon.
In a nutshell	ms‡¶‡c	He told the story in a nutshell.
In black and white	wjwLZfv‡e	I informed him in black and white.
Make out	eyS‡Z cviv	I cannot make out what you say.

নলেজ পার্ক

Idioms and phrases

মন্তব্যসমূহ

একটি মন্তব্য পোস্ট করুন

এই ব্লগটি থেকে জনপ্রিয় পোস্টগুলি

বিশ্বগ্রাম

Narration For HSC Students

English Model Question for Class 5